Nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) are released into the aquatic environment to a large extent. Though NPEs are less toxic than Nonylphenol (NP), they cause

Nonoxynols also known as nonaethylene glycol or polyethylene glycol nonyl phenyl ether are mixtures of nonionic surfactants used as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents or defoaming agents.The most commonly discussed compound nonoxynol-9 is a spermicide, formulated primarily as a component of vaginal foams and creams. Nonoxynol was found to metabolize into free nonylphenol when …

2008-10-01 · Nonylphenol is a toxic xenobiotic compound classified as an endocrine disrupter capable of interfering with the hormonal system of numerous organisms. It originates principally from the degradation of nonylphenol ethoxylates which are widely used as industrial surfactants. Nonylphenol and its ethoxylates. • EC (2001), EU-RAR on 4-nonylphenol (branched) and Nonylphenol. Given the few available risk assessments on NP and its parent compounds it was not possible to compare the integrated assessment with one ecological risk assessment report with one human health risk assessment report. Nonylphenol (NP) (CAS number, 104-40-05) is a product of industrial synthesis formed during the alkylation process of phenols (ring structure in Figure 1). The addition of ethoxyl groups to the parent compound produces nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE), which are used to produce industrial surfactants.

These compounds frequently coexist in surface waters as the result of discharges from wastewater treatment plants that are inefficient at removing nonylphenolic compounds. NP is persistent in the aquatic environment, moderately bioaccumulative, and extremely toxic to aquatic organisms. NP has also been shown to exhibit estrogenic properties in in vitro and in vivo assays. NP’s main use is in the manufacture of NPEs. 2020-04-11 · Electronic address: joliverov@unicartagena.edu.co. The ethoxylated isomers of nonylphenol (NPEs, NP-9) are one of the main active ingredients present in nonionic surfactants employed as herbicides, cosmetics, paints, plastics, disinfectants and detergents.

absence of other nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) degradation by-products, the toxicity, fate and behaviour of some of these (i.e. nonylphenol mono- and diethoxylates (NP1EO and NP2EO), mono- and di-nonylphenoxy carboxylic acids (NP1EC and NP2EC) have also been considered in this report.

EPA is adding a nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEs) category to the list of toxic 29 Mar 2021 NP is produced from the environmental degradation of nonylphenol ethoxylates, which are toxic nonylphenol metabolites [1, 2]. In addition, NP 1994, 1996).

NPEC nonylphenol ether-carboxylate OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OPE octylphenol ethoxylate OSPAR Oslo and Paris Commissions P persistence PAA Preliminary Alternatives Assessment PBT persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic PEG polyethylene glycol ppm parts per million R reproductive toxicity

As a result of their widespread use and Nonylphenol and nonylphenol ethoxylates have been shown to bind to NPEs degrade to more toxic chemicals, including NP, which often partitions to known to cause chronic toxicity in marine organ- has identified nonylphenol ethoxylates as priorities for nonylphenol ethoxylates like nonylphenol monoe-. The state of California has begun to address APEs by proposing nonylphenol ethoxylates in laundry detergent as a priority product-chemical combination and 9 Nov 2017 Under aerobic and anaerobic treatment conditions, biodegradation to more toxic (and estrogenic) metabolites occurs. These products are NP, The term is usually reserved for commercially important propylphenol, butylphenol, amylphenol, heptylphenol, octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEs), nonylphenol 17 Feb 2018 present review is the measurement of toxic effect of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) ultimate degradation product of nonylphenol ethoxylates in different Hazard statement(s). H302 Harmful if swallowed.

Toxicity Nonylphenol (NP), a breakdown product of NPEs, has been shown to mimic the action of the female hormone oestrogen. Concerns have focussed on the potential for NP and NPE to cause feminisation in wildlife, such as fish exposed to NP and NPE contaminated effluents, as well as being a potential factor in the increasing incidence absence of other nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) degradation by-products, the toxicity, fate and behaviour of some of these (i.e. nonylphenol mono- and diethoxylates (NP1EO and NP2EO), mono- and di-nonylphenoxy carboxylic acids (NP1EC and NP2EC) have also been considered in this report.
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The term “nonylphenol” represents a large num-ber of isomeric compounds, varying in the point of attachment of the nonyl group to the phenol molecule, and in the degree of branching in the nonyl moiety. Commercially produced nonylphenols are predominantly NP’s acute (oral and dermal) toxicity is low. NP is highly irritating and corrosive to the skin and eye, but does not have significant skin sensitizing potential.

Toxicity Nonylphenol (NP), a breakdown product of NPEs, has been shown to mimic the action of the female hormone oestrogen. Concerns have focussed on the potential for NP and NPE to cause feminisation in wildlife, such as fish exposed to NP and NPE contaminated effluents, as well as being a potential factor in the increasing incidence Toxicity of nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate, and nonylphenol diethoxylate and mixtures of these compounds to Pimephales promelas (fathead minnow) and Ceriodaphnia dubia. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology . 53:599-606.
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Intergenerational toxicity of nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP-9) in Caenorhabditis elegans. De la Parra-Guerra A(1), Stürzenbaum S(2), Olivero-Verbel J(3). Author information: (1)Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia.

NPEs are listed as toxic substances and measures to reduce environemnetal risks were proposed. In 2010 the USA initiated an Action plan to 2 Sep 2010 Health and the Environment from Toxic Chemicals in Toys and Children's Products [38 MRSA. §§1691 through 1699-B]. The goal of the law as Knowing that nonylphenol ethoxylates have the potential to be acutely and chronically toxic, and estrogenic to aquatic animals, and knowing they are finding .

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Production. Nonoxynols are produced by ethoxylation of alkylphenols and vary in the number of repeating ethoxy (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) groups resulting in Nonoxynol-4, Nonoxynol-7, Nonoxynol-9, Nonoxynol-14, Nonoxynol-15, Nonoxynol-18, Nonoxynol-40, Nonoxynol-30 and Nonoxynol-50.

Shrimp. Penaeus vannamei. Acute toxicity. Abstract: Nonylphenol ethoxylate-6 (NP6EO) is widely used in industrial Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Components. Nonylphenol, ethoxylated (2 EO). Acute toxicity. Skin corrosion/ irritation.

16 Jan 2018 acute aquatic toxicity; alternatives assessment. AES Nonylphenol ethoxylate ( NPE) in all-purpose cleaners was selected as the chemical of.

NPEs (nonylphenol ethoxylates) break down in the environment into nonylphenol (NP), one of the most notorious examples of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals (PBTs). Widely recognized for extreme aquatic toxicity to fish and wildlife, NPEs and NP may also threaten the health of the developing fetus and young children. Intergenerational toxicity of nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP-9) in Caenorhabditis elegans. De la Parra-Guerra A(1), Stürzenbaum S(2), Olivero-Verbel J(3). Author information: (1)Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia. One of these environmental pollutants is nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP-9), also known as Tergitol, and its degradation product, nonylphenol (NP). The objective of this work was to determine the toxicity of NP and NP-9 in Caenorhabditis elegans.

NPEs are high-volume chemicals that have been used for more than 40 years as detergents, emulsifiers, wetting agents and dispersing agents. Nonylphenol polyethoxylate-containing products are used in many sectors, including textile […] Alkylphenol ethoxylates and alkylphenols - update information on occurrence, fate and toxicity in aquatic environment. ence of nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactants and their pri- 2018-06-20 · The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) expanded on June 12, 2018, the list of chemicals subject to reporting under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) Toxics Release Inventory (TRI). The list now includes a category containing 13 nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPE). Nonylphenol and short-chain nonylphenol ethoxylates such as NP 2 EO are present in aquatic environment as wastewater contaminants, and their toxic effects on aquatic species have been reported.